عنوان انگلیسی مقاله: Physical activity measurement – a primer for health promotion
عنوان فارسی مقاله: اندازه گیری فعالیت بدنی – یک مقدمه ای برای رشد سلامتی
فرمت فایل ترجمه شده: WORD (قابل ویرایش)
تعداد صفحات فایل ترجمه شده:4
گزیده ای از متن انگلیسی :
Physical activity measurement – a primer for health promotion
Adrian Bauman [1], Philayrath Phongsavan [1], Stephanie Schoeppe [1], Neville Owen [2]
5 - 1 Centre for Physical Activity and Health, School of Public Health, Building 5 K25, University of
Sydney, Australia
2 Cancer Prevention Research Centre, School of Population Health, The University of
Queensland, Australia
10 - Abstract
As the importance of physical activity is recognized in health promotion, the task of measuring it becomes a
central research and practice challenge. Measurement of physical activity is important to policy makers
interested in population surveillance, as well as to practitioners interested in program evaluation and
15 - research. This review outlines ‘best practice’ in physical activity measurement, and provides an inventory of
established physical activity and related measures for use in health promotion at the national and local level.
Key words: Physical activity, measurement, health promotion, surveillance, reliability, validity
20 -
Introduction
The measurement of physical activity (PA), and of the factors influencing it, is fundamental to health
25 - promotion research, policy and practice. Increasing physical activity is now considered to be as important as
tobacco control, promoting a healthy diet and obesity prevention in minimising the burden of noncommunicable
diseases (Mokdad 2004; Mathers et al., 1999; WHO, 2002). Substantial increases in noncommunicable
diseases – including cardiovascular and stroke conditions, diabetes, cancers and respiratory
problems - have been observed in developed and developing countries (WHO, 2002), usually with
30 - concomitant increases in obesity and decreases in PA at the population level. Thus, efforts to increase PA in
populations and communities merit priority attention in health promotion.
Recognising the need for a broad-ranging approach to the global non-communicable disease burden, the
World Health Organisation, in May 2004, released a Global Strategy for Diet and Physical Activity. The
35 - strategy emphasises the health promotion relevance of PA promotion in many countries, as part of broader
population-wide health and non-communicable disease prevention strategies (WHO, 2004).
A fundamental component of any organised effort to promote health is the accurate and consistent
measurement and monitoring of the relevant behaviours. The measurement of PA underpins all of the major
40 - elements of the evidence base for, and the practice of, health promotion (Sallis and Owen, 1999). Physical
activity measurement thus has several important uses, in informing the overall health promotion effort:
· It is used in epidemiological research, to understand the relationship between PA and a range of
physical health and mental health outcomes,
45 -
· It is used in the monitoring and surveillance of PA levels in and among populations,
· It is used to understand the correlates and determinants of PA, and to explain why some people or
groups are more active than others,
50 -
· It is used to measure the impact and effectiveness of health promotion programs and interventions
designed to increase PA, and
· It is used to provide a sound and strong evidence base for broader initiatives in health promotion
55 - policy and practice.
This paper provides an overview on the principles and approaches to the measurement of PA, with special
reference to health promotion surveillance, practice and interventions. It is beyond our scope to deal with the
specifics of PA measurement among children and adolescents, among older adults, and among indigenous
60 - and culturally diverse populations. Thus, we focus here on the measurement of PA for 60 the general adult
population.
The first section defines PA in a health promotion context and indicates the qualities of health promotion–
relevant PA measures. Relevance for population surveillance and monitoring is then discussed. Then, a
65 - conceptual framework for evaluation measurement is presented, and finally, specific examples of
established PA measures are provided, so that health promoters can readily identify existing measures in
this area; these may be put to practical use when evaluating and researching PA programs.
70 - A comprehensive and relevant measurement is fundamental to health promotion
The values of health promotion underpin the PA agenda. Health promotion has shifted from changing
individual skills, knowledge and attitudes, to influencing behavior through changing social and environmental
factors. This shift in focus reinforces the need for broader PA measures to complement individually based
گزیده ای از متن ترجمه شده :
اندازه گیری فعالیت بدنی – یک مقدمه ای برای رشد سلامتی آدریان بوومن ]1[ فیلارس فونگ ساوان ]1[ استفان اسچوپی ]1[ نولی اوون ]1[
5-1 مرکزی برای فعالیت بدنی و تندرستی ، مدرسه سلامتی عمومی 5 کی ] k [ 25 ، استرالیا
10 – ذهنی ، به عنوان اهمیت فاعلیت بدنی که در رشد تندرسی تشخیص داده شده کار اندازه گیری آن به عنوان یک تحقیق مرکزی و رقابت عملی ، اندازه گیری فعالیت بدنی برای نشانگر های جریانی علاقمند به نظارت جمعیتی مهم است به همان خوبی برای تمرین کنندگان علاقمند به برنامه ریزی و...
15 – تحقیق – این مرور ، بهترین تحقیق در اندازه گیری فعالیت بدنی سطر بندی می کند و یک فهرست از فعالیت بدنی تثبیت شده و اندازه گیری مرتبط برای استفاده در رشد سلامتی در سطح ملی و محلی است.
کلمات کلیدی:
20 – مقدمه : اندازه گیری فعالیت بدنی (PA) فاکتورهای موثر بر آن ، اساسی برای سلامتی
25 – تحقیق رشد ، روند و تمرین ، افزایش فعالیت بدنی اکتون به عنوان اهم ( اهمیت ) در نظر گرفته می شود کنترل تنباکو ، رشد یک رژیم سلامتی و جلوگیری چاقی در کاهش بار عدم انتقال (واگیر). بیماری ها (موکداد2004- مسرسنر 1999،هو2002) افزایش ذاتی در بیماری های غیر واگیر ی – شامل عروق دهانه معده و شرایط های (وضعیت) ضربتی، دیابت ها، سرطان ها ومشکلات تنفسی. در کشور های رشد یافته و رشد نیافته مشاهده شده است.(هو2002)،معمولا با
30 – افزایش ملازمی در فربهی (تنومندی) و کاهش ، فعالیت بدنی در سطح جمعیتی بنابراین تلاش برای افزایش فعالیت بدنی در جوامع و جمعیت های شایسته تقدم در رشد سلامتی. تشخیص نیاز برای روش سلسله ای وسیع برای بیماری تحمیلی غیر اجتماعی جهانی- سازمان بهداشت جهانی در ماه می 2004 ، یک استراتژی های جهانی برای رژیم و فعالیت بدنی کاهش داد.